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The Karner Blue Butterfly is a rare jewel found only in the Great Lakes Region of the United States. This beautiful butterfly was just added to the endangered species list. That means that they are becoming more difficult to find, which is sad news indeed. The Karner Blue Butterfly needs milkweed plants in order to survive. When this beautiful butterfly first evolved, it was an endangered species. In the spring, young Karner Blue Butterflies make a giant leap from the plant onto their offspring. Once they have been exposed to the sunlight, they glow a bright blue. They stay at this color until they make their way back to their eggs and die soon after. Their color fades as they move further from the sun, which is a fascinating science experiment that brings out the scientist in all of us! You can see more of my butterfly crafts here: http://www.pinterest.com/mkwilson07/ The Karner Blue Sumac is named for Stephen Karner who first described it in 1967. It is a small shrub found in the rich woodlands of the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys. This evergreen shrub grows to about 3 feet tall and averages about 1 foot wide, but can get quite big. The leaves are dark green and resemble the sumac, which has similarities such as red berries, but it is a completely different plant. Sumacs also produce red berries at the same time as the Karner Blue Sumac. The Karner Blue Sumac grows up to about 15 feet tall and 10 feet wide and produces small greenish-blue flowers in early spring followed by small blue-black fruit that ripen in August. It is an evergreen shrub that typically grows on limestone soils throughout its range. It is named after Stephen Karner, a naturalist and butterfly enthusiast.The Karner Blue Butterfly is on the federal endangered species list as of August 2010, and it has been illegal to sell or cultivate this plant since 2004. The Karner Blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) was added to the U.S. Endangered Species List as a threatened species in August 2004 due to destruction of their host plant habitat by wildfire and agricultural development. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service first listed the butterfly as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in January 1981 and upgraded it to endangered status on December 19, 2011. A U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service analysis of the population trend from 1987 to 2009 found that the decline in Karner Blue butterfly numbers was continuing as a result of loss of host plants, reduced availability of larval host plants, and low survival. Karner blue butterflies have been observed to use a variety of plants as larval hosts, including black locusts, clovers, dogwoods but can also be seen on a wide selection of herbaceous plants such as ssp. pulchella (the "rose" milkyweed), ssp. argyranthemum (tansy ragwort), and ssp. cfa1e77820
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